In order to get the country (or even city) specific information from the IP address, one needs to get hold of a IP database. As you are probably aware, every ISP has a set of IP pool, which they are allocated to distribute to their end users (e.g. you & me). Now, once you get this DB (some are free...but has limited information, whereas some are paid, very comprehensive & provider takes care of regular updates). Once this DB is with you, rest is just plugging in a script to query this DB & get all the relevany information.
How exactly it works?
IP address is usually expressed as four decimal numbers, each representing eight bits (separated by periods). This is also known as the dot address and more technically as "dotted quad notation". The DB that is available, generally maps a decimal notation of any IP address to corresponding Country/City info.
Regards
innINDIA Development Team
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